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In 1961, the United Nations General Assembly approved a resolution sponsored by Ireland calling on all states to conclude an international agreement that would ban the aquisition and transfer of nuclear weapons. By 1964, there were five declared nuclear weapons states -- the United States, the former Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, France and China. Many predicted that the nuclear club could grow to 20-30 countries within two decades. In 1965, the Geneva Disarmament Conference began consideration of a draft non-proliferation treaty. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty was signed at Washington, London and Moscow July 1st, 1968. On March 5th, 1970 it began to be enforced. However, some important members of the international community did not embrace the NPT in 1970. There were many questions. Would it's terms be honored? Would the inspections of civil nuclear facilities lead to commercial esponage? Would others join the Treaty? Would it provide real benefits? |
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